Getting a good night's sleep is integral not just to your physical health but your mental health, too. However, that may not be the case for you if you have sleep apnea.

Understanding the signs and symptoms of sleep apnea and an accurate diagnosis by a board-certified ENT physician can aid in seeking treatment and restoring your overall quality of life.

What is Sleep Apnea?

Sleep apnea is a medical disorder that occurs when your breathing stops and starts back up again for intermittent periods while you sleep. While this commonly occurring disorder is serious, it often goes undiagnosed and untreated as it's usually brief and happens while you sleep.

According to the American Sleep Association, there are three main types of sleep apnea:

1. Obstructive sleep apnea
   The most common type, obstructive sleep apnea, occurs when the airway is physically blocked during sleep for various reasons, including relaxing your throat muscles when asleep.
   
   
2. Central sleep apnea
   Central sleep apnea happens when the brain fails to signal the muscles in your respiratory control center correctly.
3. Complex sleep apnea
   Complex sleep apnea happens when a patient suffers from both primary forms of sleep apnea, making treatment much more complicated.

What are the Causes of Sleep Apnea?

While certain risk factors can make you predisposed to sleep apnea, almost anyone—including children—can develop sleep apnea.

The most common causes of sleep apnea include:

• Weight
• Large anatomy, including a neck, tongue, and tonsils
• Family history
• Age

While several risk factors are associated with the development of sleep apnea, this condition tends to occur more often in men 45 years of age and older. Other common risk factors associated with this condition include:

• The use of drugs or alcohol
• Cigarette smoking
• Underlying medical conditions such as cardiac insufficiencies, diabetes, or chronic lung conditions

What are the Symptoms of Sleep Apnea?

If you have sleep apnea, you may snore much louder while you sleep. You will also notice pauses in their breath—for 10 seconds or more—and shallow breaths that include gasping or choking. Sleep is never comfortable for people with sleep apnea, so it's common to find them restless while in bed at night.

This snoring often causes decreased sleep quality, which leads to you experiencing the following symptoms:

• Loud snoring
• Excessive tiredness during the day
• Drowsiness
• Irritability
• Dry mouth
• Headaches
• Inability to concentrate
• High blood pressure
• Heart issues

How is Sleep Apnea Diagnosed?

For patients with sleep apnea symptoms, several tests may be recommended by your board-certified ENT. This can include:

• A thorough physical exam
• Bloodwork
• A sleep study, also known as polysomnography

During a sleep study, you're hooked to various equipment that measures brain waves, airflow, eye movements, heart rate, and sleeping positions. A sleep study is one of the most comprehensive tests for diagnosing sleep apnea in patients.

Sleep Apnea Treatments are Safe When Performed by a Board-Certified ENT Doctor

Treatment for sleep apnea involves a combination of lifestyle changes such as:

• Exercise
• Weight loss
• Changes to your diet
• Oral appliances
• Supplemental oxygen
• Medical therapies, including using a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine.

A CPAP machine uses a small motor attached to a sleep mask that allows for a steady and continuous supply of oxygen to be delivered to the body.